Ultrasound is a therapeutic modality that has been used since the 1940s. Ultrasound is applied using a round-headed wand or probe that is put in direct contact with the patient's skin. Ultrasound gel is used on all surfaces of the head to reduce friction and assist in the transmission of the ultrasonic waves. Therapeutic ultrasound is in the frequency range of about 0.8-3.0 MHz. Ultrasound therapy is usually set at a frequency of 1 MHz or 3 MHz. 1 MHz is usually used for deeper penetration (3 cm - 5 cm), while 3 MHz is usually set for superficial penetration (1 cm - 2 cm).
Ultrasound waves are generated by a piezoelectric effect caused by the vibration of crystals contained within the head of the wand/probe. The sound waves that pass through the skin cause a vibration of the local tissues. This vibration or cavitation can cause a deep heating locally, though usually no sensation of heat will be felt by the patient.
Some conditions treated with ultrasound include:
- Tendonitis
- Bursitis
- Non-acute joint swelling
- Muscle spasms
- Plantar Fasciitis
- Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
- Myofascial Pain Syndrome
- Sciatic and other nerve pain
Some of the effects of ultrasound are:
- Decreases soft tissue inflammation (example: tendonitis, bursitis)
- Increases tissue extensibility
- Enhances scar tissue remodelling
- Decreases localised pain
- Improves soft tissue healing
- Reduces soft tissue swelling (edema)
- Improves blood flow around the tissue
- Reduces muscle spasms
How long is a typical treatment session?:
Ultrasound can be used in either continuous or pulsed mode for a duration of 5 to 8 minutes.
